Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Objectives: To determine and compare the utility/diagnostic accuracy of pneumonia severity scores (CURB-65, NEWS, NEWS-L, and pneumonia severity index) to predict mortality in patients diagnosed with pneumonia in the emergency department. Methods: This was a hospital based analytical cross-sectional study conducted the Department of Emergency Medicine of a tertiary teaching healthcare facility in India between January 2023 and June 2024. Results: This study included 210 patients with CAP, with a mortality rate of 10.5%. Non-survivors were older, predominantly female, and had more comorbidities. They exhibited significantly lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and bicarbonate levels, but higher pulse and respiratory rates, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, glucose, liver enzymes, sodium, and lactate levels compared to survivors. While haemoglobin, haematocrit, and white blood cell counts were similar between groups, non-survivors had elevated blood glucose, sodium, and lactate levels, and lower blood pH. Mortality prediction scores revealed that non-survivors had significantly higher CURB-65, PSI, NEWS, and NEWS-L scores. Specifically, the NEWS-L score had the highest predictive accuracy, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.898, a sensitivity of 85.8%, and a specificity of 96.2%. The NEWS score followed closely with an AUC of 0.890. Both scores outperformed CURB-65 and PSI, highlighting their superior diagnostic accuracy in predicting mortality. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that elevated vital signs, biochemical markers, and severity scores are associated with higher mortality in pneumonia patients, with NEWS and NEWS-L providing the most accurate predictions.

Objective: Post operative pain remains a problem worldwide, resulting in delayed post operative mobility and recovery. The aim of this study was to compare analgesic efficacy of oral flupirtine maleate with oral clonidine in diagnostic laparoscopy for gynaecological procedures. Material and Methods: This is hospital based, randomised, double blind, comparative study. After receiving approval from ethical committee, 50 cases were allocated to two groups using sealed envelope method to receive capsule flupirtine (200 mg) or clonidine (0.2 mg) orally, 1 hr prior to surgery with a sip of water. Mean of total number of rescue analgesia required, median visual analog scores(VASs)  at 0, ½, 1, 2,4, 6 hr post operatively were compared and analysed by using non parametric Mann Whitney U test using primer version 7 software. Results: VAS score was lower during entire duration of study in flupritine group having significant difference at 4 & 6 hrs. Requirement of rescue analgesia was comparable in both groups. Conclusion: Flupritine is superior to clonidine as it provide long duration of post operative analgesia without causing significant changes in hemodynamic variables and better tolerance to patient.

Pin worm (Enterobius vermicularis) is common intestinal nematode infection in India and with a disproportionate number of cases among children. Mostly they affect gastrointestinal tract. Genital enterobiasis rarely occur and chronic infection of urinary tract even rarer. At night, adult female pin worm migrates to perianal area and after laying egg goes to genital tract due to proximity of anal canal in female patients. Here we report a case of 26-year-old female presented with urinary frequency, dysuria, lower abdominal pain, and adult motile pin worm identified on urine sample.

Introduction: Gender profoundly shapes society. Socially constructed norms cause chaos, leading to inequality. Women in low and middle-income countries lack access to resources like employment, education, and healthcare compared to men, affecting their status and lifespan. This study addresses this inequality. Aim and Objectives: The study aimed to assess gender inequality and its correlates in healthcare seeking, by associations, if any, between gender and healthcare utilization, gender prioritization, household decision-making power, and sociodemographic factors in Burdwan, West Bengal. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 7 randomly selected slums of Burdwan Municipality, WB. The study included calculated subjects of 252 adults, with 36 households (18 males & 18 females) randomly selected from each slum. Interviews were conducted to assess socio-demographic characteristics, healthcare access and utilization, household member prioritization for medical treatment, healthcare, and economic decision-making power. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0. Results: Women reported higher underutilization of healthcare than men (13.5% vs. 8.7%) and were more likely to prioritize men, especially sons, for medical treatment (68.3%). In contrast, men showed equitable prioritization (49.2% prioritized men). Women were less likely to be the primary healthcare decision-makers for themselves than men (42.9% vs. 55.6%) but men were reported as primary decision-makers for children’s health and healthcare payments. Conclusion: This study reveals how societal norms and attitudes marginalize women and favour men’s health, leading to significant gender disparities in health among Burdwan’s slum dwellers. Women’s reduced access to care results from both internal and external gender discrimination.