International Journal of Pharmaceutical and

Clinical Research

e-ISSN: 0975 1556

p-ISSN 2820-2643

Peer Review Journal

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1. Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) of the poorly water-soluble gamma oryzanol: design, characterization and in vitro evaluation
Ankur Sharma, Anurag Jha
Abstract
Gamma-oryzanol (GOZ) is a naturally occurring mixture of ferulic acid esters of phytosterols and triterpenoids, primarily obtained from rice bran oil. Despite its potential antioxidant and lipid-lowering properties, its pharmaceutical application is limited by poor aqueous solubility and inadequate dissolution. The present study aimed to develop and evaluate self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) to improve the in vitro dissolution performance of GOZ. Preformulation studies were conducted to select suitable oil, surfactant, and cosurfactant based on drug solubility and emulsification efficiency. Capryol 90 was selected as the oil phase, Cremophor RH40 as the surfactant, and Transcutol HP as the cosurfactant. Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed to identify suitable formulation compositions, and eight formulations (F1–F8) were prepared and evaluated for thermodynamic stability, robustness to dilution, self-emulsification time, optical clarity, droplet size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and drug-loading efficiency. All formulations demonstrated acceptable thermodynamic stability and maintained their physical appearance following dilution. The mean droplet size ranged from 14.91 ± 0.12 to 22.97 ± 0.44 nm, while drug-loading efficiency ranged from 91.36 ± 0.64% to 99.07 ± 0.22%. Formulations F3, F4, F5, and F7 exhibited more than 90% drug release within 60 minutes. Formulation F7 achieved the highest reported release of 98.01 ± 1.54%, compared with 12.23 ± 0.45% for pure GOZ and 42.33 ± 2.78% for the marketed product. These findings indicate that SNEDDS can substantially improve the in vitro dissolution of poorly water-soluble GOZ and represent a promising formulation approach for further pharmaceutical development. Additional in vivo studies are required to establish improvements in oral bioavailability.

2. Transforming Pharmacy Education in India in the Era of Pharmacy 4.0: A Structured Review of the PCI–NEP 2020 Curriculum, Artificial Intelligence, HPR and Home Pharmacy Care
Tilak Vaishnav, Nikhil Prajapat, Raghvendra Singh Bhadauria, Ashutosh Choubisa
Abstract
Pharmacy education in India is undergoing a major transition from a predominantly knowledge-oriented model toward an outcome-based, technology-enabled and research-oriented framework. The revised Bachelor of Pharmacy curriculum described in the supplied Pharmacy Council of India (PCI) and Higher/Healthcare Professional Registry (HPR) guideline material emphasizes alignment with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, integration of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, Python programming, biostatistics and data analytics, clinical and industry exposure, and longitudinal research training. In parallel, the Healthcare Professionals Registry (HPR) under the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) is presented as an important component of professional digital identity and health-system interoperability, while home pharmacy care expands the pharmacist’s role toward patient-centred services. This review synthesizes the supplied material to examine the evolution of pharmacy education, major changes in the revised B.Pharm curriculum, the role of AI and data-driven learning, professional digital identity through HPR, and the potential contribution of home pharmacy care. The review identifies opportunities for improved employability, research capability, clinical competence and digital health participation, while also highlighting implementation challenges such as faculty preparedness, infrastructure, curriculum delivery, digital literacy, ethical governance and equitable access. Overall, the transition represents an important step toward preparing pharmacists for modern pharmaceutical industry, clinical practice, research, regulatory science and digitally connected healthcare.

Impact Score: 2.923